Equine Metabolic Disease: Understanding, Managing, and Preventing
What is Equine Metabolic Disease?
Equine metabolic disease is an umbrella term covering conditions that affect a horse’s ability to regulate insulin, manage weight, and process sugars efficiently. The two most common metabolic disorders are:
Equine Metabolic Syndrome (EMS) – Often linked to obesity, insulin resistance, and a high risk of laminitis.
Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction (PPID) – Commonly known as Cushing’s Disease, affecting older horses and causing hormonal imbalances.
These conditions can significantly impact a horse’s health, performance, and quality of life if not properly managed.
Signs & Symptoms
Equine Metabolic Syndrome (EMS)
✔️ Easy weight gain or difficulty losing weight
✔️ Fat deposits on the neck (cresty neck), shoulders, and tailhead
✔️ Increased risk of laminitis
✔️ Increased thirst and urination
Cushing’s Disease (PPID)
✔️ Long, curly coat that doesn’t shed properly
✔️ Muscle wastage, particularly over the topline
✔️ Lethargy and poor performance
✔️ Delayed wound healing and recurrent infections
✔️ Increased risk of laminitis
Diagnosis & Testing
Early diagnosis is key to managing metabolic diseases effectively. Common diagnostic methods include:
🔬 Insulin & Glucose Testing – To detect insulin resistance in EMS cases.
🩸 ACTH Blood Test – To confirm Cushing’s Disease (PPID).
⚖️ Body Condition Scoring – To assess weight and fat distribution.
If your horse is showing signs of metabolic disease, a veterinary assessment is essential to develop a tailored management plan.
Managing Equine Metabolic Disease
1. Diet & Nutrition
Reduce sugar and starch intake—limit grains and lush pasture.
Feed a low-sugar, high-fiber diet (soaked hay, beet pulp, and ration balancers).
Ensure balanced minerals and vitamins to support overall health.
2. Exercise & Weight Management
Regular movement helps improve insulin sensitivity and prevent obesity.
Introduce low-impact exercise like walking or lunging if the horse is recovering from laminitis.
3. Medication & Veterinary Support
For EMS: Metformin may be prescribed in severe insulin-resistant cases.
For PPID: Pergolide (Prascend) is the most effective treatment to manage hormone imbalances.
Regular Monitoring: Blood tests and hoof evaluations help track progress and prevent complications.
Preventing Metabolic Issues
✅ Keep your horse at a healthy weight through diet and exercise.
✅ Monitor sugar intake—restrict grazing during peak grass growth periods.
✅ Schedule regular vet check-ups and metabolic screenings, especially for at-risk breeds.
✅ Provide appropriate hoof care to prevent laminitis risks
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Concerned About Your Horse?
If you suspect your horse has a metabolic condition or want a proactive health plan, contact us today.
📞 Call us at 03 5977 5250 to book a metabolic health consultation.